Cooperative Load Balancing and Dynamic Channel Allocation
for Cluster-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
ABSTRACT:
Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are becoming
increasingly common, and typical network loads considered for MANETs are
increasing as applications evolve. This, in turn, increases the importance of
bandwidth efficiency while maintaining tight requirements on energy
consumption, delay and jitter. Coordinated channel access protocols have been
shown to be well suited for highly loaded MANETs under uniform load
distributions. However, these protocols are in general not as well suited for
non-uniform load distributions as uncoordinated channel access protocols due to
the lack of on-demand dynamic channel allocation mechanisms that exist in
infrastructure based coordinated protocols. In this paper, we present a
lightweight dynamic channel allocation mechanism and a cooperative load
balancing strategy that are applicable to cluster based MANETs to address this
problem. We present protocols that utilize these mechanisms to improve
performance in terms of throughput, energy consumption and inter-packet delay
variation (IPDV). Through extensive simulations we show that both dynamic
channel allocation and cooperative load balancing improve the bandwidth efficiency
under non-uniform load distributions compared to protocols that do not use
these mechanisms as well as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol with GTS
mechanism and the IEEE 802.11 uncoordinated protocol.
EXISTING SYSTEM:
•
A distributed dynamic channel allocation
algorithm with no optimality guarantees for a network with a fixed a-priori
control channel assignment.
•
Alternatively, there are various
game-theoretic approaches to the channel allocation problem in ad hoc wireless
networks.
•
Multichannel model the channel
allocation problem in multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks as a static
cooperative game, in which some players collaborate to achieve a high data
rate.
•
In multi-hop wireless networks, CSMA
techniques enable the same radio resources to be used in distinct locations,
leading to increased bandwidth efficiencies at the cost of possible collisions
due to the hidden terminal problem.
•
Different channel reservation techniques
are used to tackle the hidden terminal problem. Karn use an RTS/ CTS packet
exchange mechanism before the transmission of the data packet.
•
802.11 distributed coordination function
(DCF) uses a similar mechanism.
DISADVANTAGES
OF EXISTING SYSTEM:
•
Existing approaches are not scalable
•
They not cover group communication
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
•
In this project we propose two
algorithms to cope with the non-uniform load distributions in MANETs: a light
weight distributed dynamic channel allocation (DCA) algorithm based on spectrum
sensing, and a cooperative load balancing algorithm in which nodes select their
channel access providers based on the availability of the resources.
•
We apply these two algorithms for
managing non-uniform load distribution in MANETs into an energy efficient
real-time coordinated MAC protocol, named MH-TRACE. In MH-TRACE, the channel
access is regulated by dynamically selected cluster heads (CHs).
•
MH-TRACE has been shown to have higher
throughput and to be more energy efficient compared to CSMA type protocols.
•
Although MH-TRACE incorporates spatial
reuse, it does not provide any channel borrowing or load balancing mechanisms
and thus does not provide optimal support to non-uniform loads.
ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM:
•
Increase the throughput
•
Here we use scalable approach
•
Reduce energy consumption
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE:
SYSTEM FLOW
MODULES:
MODULES DESCSRIPTION:
SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS:
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
Ø
System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
Ø
Hard Disk :
40 GB.
Ø
Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb.
Ø
Monitor : 15
VGA Colour.
Ø
Mouse :
Logitech.
Ø Ram : 512 Mb.
SOFTWARE
REQUIREMENTS:
Ø Operating system : Windows
XP/7/LINUX.
Ø Implementation : NS2
Ø NS2 Version : NS2.2.28
Ø Front
End : OTCL (Object Oriented
Tool Command Language)
Ø Tool : Cygwin (To simulate in Windows OS)
REFERENCE:
Bora Karaoglu, Member, IEEE and Wendi Heinzelman,
Senior Member, IEEE, “Cooperative Load Balancing and Dynamic Channel Allocation
for Cluster-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE
COMPUTING, VOL. 14, NO. 5, MAY 2015