Packet Loss Control Using Tokens at the Network Edge
       
ABSTRACT
Presently the Internet accommodates simultaneous audio, video, and data traffic. This requires the Internet to guarantee the packet loss which at its turn depends very much on congestion control. A series of protocols have been introduced to supplement the insufficient TCP mechanism controlling the network congestion. CSFQ was designed as an open-loop controller to provide the fair best effort service for supervising the per-flow bandwidth consumption and has become helpless when the P2P flows started to dominate the traffic of the Internet. Token-Based Congestion Control (TBCC) is based on a closed-loop congestion control principle, which restricts token resources consumed by an end-user and provides the fair best effort service with O(1) complexity. As Self-Verifying CSFQ and Re-feedback, it experiences a heavy load by policing inter-domain traffic for lack of trust. In this paper, Stable Token-Limited Congestion Control (STLCC) is introduced as new protocols which appends inter-domain congestion control to TBCC and make the congestion control system to be stable. STLCC is able to shape output and input traffic at the inter-domain link with O(1) complexity. STLCC produces a congestion index, pushes the packet loss to the network edge and improves the network performance. Finally, the simple version of STLCC is introduced. This version is deployable in the Internet without any IP protocols modifications and preserves also the packet datagram.

EXISTING SYSTEM

In the existing system, the sender sends the packets without the               intermediate station.
The data packets has been losses many and time is wasted. Retransmission of data packets is difficulty.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Modern IP network services provide for the simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, and data. These services require congestion control protocols and algorithms which can solve the packet loss parameter can be kept under control. Congestion control is therefore, the cornerstone of packet switching networks . It should prevent congestion collapse, provide fairness to competing flows and optimize transport performance indexes such as throughput, delay and loss. The literature abounds in papers on this subject; there are papers on high-level models of the flow of packets through the network, and on specific network architecture.




MODULES:

  • NETWORK CONGESTION:
  • STABLE TOKEN LIMIT CONGESTION CONTROL (STLCC):       
  • TOKEN
  • CORE ROUTER
  • EDGE ROUTER
MODULE DESCRIPTION:

 NETWORK CONGESTION:

•     Congestion occurs when the number of packets being transmitted through the network approaches the packet handling capacity of the network
•     Congestion control aims to keep number of packets below level at which performance falls off dramatically


STABLE TOKEN LIMIT CONGESTION CONTROL (STLCC):       
                
                   STLCC is able to shape output and input traffic at theinter-domain link with O(1) complexity. STLCC produces a congestion index, pushes the packet loss to the network edge and improves the network performance. To solve the oscillation problem, the Stable Token-Limited Congestion Control (STLCC) is introduced. It integrates the algorithms of TLCC and XCP [10] altogether. In STLCC, the output rate of the sender is controlled according to the algorithm of XCP, so there is almost no packet lost at the    congested link. At the same time, the edge router allocates all  the access token resource to the incoming flows equally. When congestion happens, the incoming token rate increases at the core router, and then the congestion level of the congested link will also increase. Thus STLCC can measure the congestion level analytically, allocate network resources according to the access link, and further keep the congestion control system stable.

TOKEN
                    
                 In this paper a new and better mechanism for congestion control with application to Packet Loss in networks with P2P traffic is proposed. In this new method the edge and the core routers will write a measure of the quality of service guaranteed by the router by writing a digital number in the Option Field of the datagram of the packet. This is called a token. The token is read by the path routers and interpreted as its value will give a measure of the congestion especially at the edge routers. Based on the token number the edge router at the source, thus reducing the congestion on the path.


CORE ROUTER:

                 A core router is a  router designed to operate in the Internet Backbone or core. To fulfill this role, a router must be able to support multiple telecommunications interfaces of the highest speed in use in the core Internet and must be able to forward IP packets at full speed on all of them. It must also support the routing protocols being used in the core. A core router is distinct from an edge routers.

EDGE ROUTER:

                       Edge routers sit at the edge of a backbone network and connect to core routers.  The token is read by the path routers and interpreted as its value will give a measure of the congestion especially at the edge routers. Based on the token number the edge router at the source, thus reducing the congestion on the path.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

•         System                 : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
•         Hard Disk            : 40 GB.
•         Floppy Drive       : 1.44 Mb.
•         Monitor                : 15 VGA Colour.
•         Mouse                  : Logitech.
•         Ram                     : 512 Mb.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

•         Operating system           : - Windows XP.
•         Coding Language :  JAVA, RMI, SWINGS

REFERENCE:
Z. Shi, D. Ionescu and D. Zhang, “Packet Loss Control Using Tokens at the Network Edge”, IEEE LATIN AMERICA TRANSACTIONS, VOL. 10, NO. 1, JAN. 2012.